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Selected References on Generic Teaching/Research Relationships

These have been selected because they are recent and analyze different aspects of teaching/research relationships. For publications with an extensive bibliography see both Braxton and Hattie and Marsh.

Astin, A. W. and M. J. Chang (1995). Colleges That Emphasize Research and Teaching: Can You Have Your Cake and Eat It Too? Change: The Magazine of Higher Education September/October: 45-49.

Based on a study of over 200 US institutions examines which US universities score high on measures of student development /orientation to teaching and those that score high of staff research. Those that do tend to be the small relatively wealthy private universities.
Barnett, R. (1992). Linking Teaching and Research - A Critical Inquiry. Journal of Higher Education 63(6): 619-636.

A conceptual analysis as to whether research is a necessary activity in a university "such that we would not be prepared to grant the name (university) to an institution in which there was no research taking place."
Boyer, E. L. (1990) Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the Professoriate. New Jersey, The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.

A seminal book which argues that the emphasis in US universities on what he calls 'discovery research', has been at the expense of more integrative scholarship and a concern for undergraduate teaching. See the related web sites.
Boyer Commission on Educating Undergraduates in the Research University (1998)

Reinventing Undergraduate Education: A Blueprint for America's Research Universities. University of Stony Brook, New York, USA

Suggestions particularly for research elite universities on connecting staff research to student learning. Download report (in pdf format)

Braxton J M (ed) (1996) Faculty Teaching and Research : is there a conflict? New Directions for Institutional Research, no 90,vol XV111, Number 2.

A range of empirical US studies bring out both the complexities of the issues and provide recommendations for policy.

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Breen, R. and R. Lindsay (1999). Academic Research and Student Motivation. Studies In Higher Education 24(1): 75-93.

A study at Oxford Brookes of undergraduate student attitudes to lecturer research. Reveals that those with intrinsic motivation show positive attitudes while those with more extrinsic/social reasons for attending university appear indifferent or negative.
NEW!! Brew, A. (2003)

Teaching and Research: New Relationships and their Implications for Inquiry-based teaching and learning in Higher Education. Higher Education Research and Development, 22 (1), 3-17

In order to bring teaching and research together, a fuller understanding of how academics conceptualise research and scholarship is needed. The paper discusses different ways in which research and scholarship are conceptualised and then provides two alternative models of the relationship between teaching and research based on different conceptions of teaching and different ideas about the nature of knowledge. The paper suggests that if the relationship between teaching and research is to be enhanced it is necessary to move towards a model based on the notion of academic communities of practice. The implications for higher education of doing this are then examined. It is argued that there is a need to reconceptualise the role of higher education and to renegotiate relationships between teachers and students.

Brew, A. (2001)

The Nature of Research: Inquiry in Academic Contexts. Routledge Falmer, London

A study of the nature of the research and argues for a much wider perspective as to what is research and discussion of the implications for teaching /research links.

Brew, A. (1999).

Research and Teaching: Changing Relations in a Changing Context. Studies in Higher Education, 24(3), 291-301.

Considers the relationship in the context of conceptions of teaching and particularly in the context of academics conceptions of research.

Brew, A. and D. Boud (1995). Teaching and Research: Establishing the Vital Link With Learning. Higher Education 29: 261-273.

Argues that a fruitful way to examine the relationship is through seeing teaching and research as both concerned with learning ­ "those aspects of teaching which lead to learning and the learning which occurs through research provides the vital link."
Centra, J. A. (1983). Research Productivity and Teaching Effectiveness. Research in Higher Education 18 (2): 379-389.

An oft cited article that statistically analyses staff research productivity and teaching effectiveness and concludes that the relationship is either non existent or too modest to conclude that one necessarily enhances the other.
Clark, B. R. (1993). The Research Foundations of Graduate Education ­ Germany, Britain, France, United States, Japan. California, University of California Press.

Five country study of advanced higher education and research relationships.
Elton, L. (2001).

Research and Teaching: conditions for a positive link. Teaching in Higher Education 6(1): 43-56.

Argues that there can be a positive link [quote] under particular conditions…such a link should focus on the processes of research and that student centred teaching methods and outcomes are intrinsically favourable to the link [end-quote].

You can download a copy of this paper from the Centre for Academic Practice website

Elton, L. (1986). Research and Teaching: Symbiosis or Conflict. Higher Education (15): 299-304.

Previous research is criticized for its reliance on measures of correlation. Argues that scholarship provides an essential link between teaching and research and that Universities should value all three activities and staff who specialize in each.
Feldman, K. A. (1987). Research Productivity and Scholarly Accomplishment of College Teachers as Related to Their Instructional Effectiveness: A Review and Exploration. Research in Higher Education (26): 227-298.
Hattie, J. and H. W. Marsh (1996). The Relationship Between Research and Teaching: A Meta-Analysis.Review of Educational Research 66: 507-542.

A meta analysis of 58 research studies on teaching /research relationships; analyzed through discussion of various models of how teaching and research may be related.

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Healey, M (200)

Developing the Scholarship of Teaching: A Discipline Based Approach. Higher Education Research and Development, 19 (2): 169-189

summary to be added

Huber, M.T. (2000)

Disciplinary Styles in the Scholarship of Teaching: Reflections on the Carnegie Academy for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Improving Student Learning Through the Disciplines, ed C Rust, pp 20-31, Oxford Centre for Staff and Learning Development, Oxford

summary to be added

Huber, M and Morreale, S. (2002)

Disciplinarity in the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning: Exploring Common Ground. American Association for Higher Education and the Foundation for the Advancement of Learning, Washington, DC

summary to be added

J M Consulting (2000)

Interactions between Research, Teaching, and Other Academic Activities Report for HEFCE, Higher Education Consulting Group, Bristol

Analysis of how UK institutions and departments connect - or rather fail to connect - teaching and research. Prepared as part of the Fundamental Review of Research.

Jenkins, A., (2000).

The Relationship between teaching and research: where does geography stand and deliver? Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 24 (3): 325-351.

Reviews the research literature on teaching and research relationships and argues that productive linkages can be created if that relationship is [quote] managed [end-quote]: and if action is taken by individuals, course teams, institutions and disciplinary communities.

Download paper (available in pdf format only). This article was fist published in the Journal of Geography of Higher Education, Volume 24, Number 3 pp 325-351 and reproduced here with the permission of Taylor and Francis Ltd.

Jenkins, A., et al. (2002)

Reshaping Teaching in Higher Education: Linking Teaching and Research. London, Kogan Page

Presents a range of strategies with international examples to strengthen teaching / research links that individuals , course teams , departments /institutions and national systems can adapt. Also provided reviews of the research evidence .

Jenkins, A., et al. (1998). Teaching and Research: Student Perspectives and Policy Implications. Studies in Higher Education, 23 (2): 127-141.

Analyses in one UK institution (Oxford Brookes) student perspectives on staff research (similar to Neumann's study) through use of focus groups in eight disciplines. Concludes that students perceived clear benefits from staff research but wished it to be better 'managed', to ensure they got those benefits.
NEW!! Jenkins, A. and Healey, M (eds) (2002)

Linking Teaching and Research: Exchange (3)

Special issue of TQEF NCT/LTSN/ILTHE/JISC publication dedicated to linking teaching and research. Available to download at http://www.exchange.ac.uk/issue3.asp

Jenkins, A. and Zetter, R. (2002)

Linking Teaching and Research in Departments Learning and Teaching Support Network Generic Centre

Suggestions for those with department leadership roles re research and teaching. NEW!! Can be downloaded from LTSN generic centre website

Lindsay, R., Breen, R and Jenkins, A (2002)

Academic Research and Teaching Quality: the Views of Undergraduate andPostgraduate Students. Studies in Higher Education, 27 (3), pp 309-27

Statistical analysis of focus group discussions of undergraduate and postgraduate students from a range of disciplines at Oxford Brookes. Unlike much of previous statistical research demonstrated positive views of (staff) research to student learning.

Moses, I. (1990). Teaching, Research and Scholarship in Different Disciplines. Higher Education 19: 351-375.

How teaching research relationships are shaped by four disciplines (Chemistry, Engineering, English and Law) in one Australian university.
Neumann, R. (1994). The Teaching-Research Nexus: Applying a Framework to University Students' Learning Experiences. European Journal of Education 29(3): 323-338.

Reports on interview based research on undergraduate and postgraduate student of lecturer research as part of a wider study that included interviews with senior staff.
NEW!! Pocklington, T. and Tupper, A. (2002)

No Place to Learn - Why Universities Aren't Working. University of British Columbia Press, Canada.

This text, written by political scientists, is aimed at general readers. It critically examines Canadian Universities, how they operate and how
they may be reformed. In the opening paragraph it is suggested that "Canadian universities no longer provide effective, high quality undergraduate education" (p3). Three themes are covered; how modern Canadian universities devalue the education of undergraduates; how
research outstrips teaching in importance and is often far removed from the needs of undergraduates; the increasingly close links between
universities' governments and large corporations. In particular, chapter six examines the interplay between teaching and research. Details available at http://www.ubcpress.ca/search/title_book.asp?BookID=1953

Ramsden P. (1998)

Learning to Lead in Higher Education. London, Routledge

summary to be added

Ramsden, P. and Moses I.(1992). Associations Between Research and Teaching in Australian Higher Education. Higher Education 23(3): 273-295.

An empirical investigation of the relationship in Australian HE (at both the level of the individual and the department ­ concludes that [quote] there is no evidence in these results to indicate a simple functional association between high research output and undergraduate teaching [end-quote].
Rowland, S. (1996). Relationships Between Teaching and Research. Teaching in Higher Education 1(1): 7-20.

Analyses teaching research relationships through interviewing heads of department and argues that the terms teaching and research are inadequate limiting concepts to describe academic roles.
Woodhouse, D. (1998) Auditing Research and the Teaching Research Nexus. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies 33 (1): 39-53.

From the perspective of the NZ Universities Academic Audit Office suggests how universities and national organizations can audit whether/how teaching is enhanced through research.
NEW!! Zamorski, B (2002)

Research-led Teaching and Learning in Higher Education; a case. Teaching in Higher Education, 7(4), 411-427

Summarises the work produced in Zamorski (2000)

Zamorski, B (2000)

Research-led Teaching and Learning in Higher Education Centre for Applied Research in Education, University of East Anglia

A study commissioned by the Learning, Teaching and Quality Committee of the University of East Anglia. Reports on the Research-Led Teaching and Learning (RLTL) Project which took place in UEA during the second semester of the academic year 1999/2000 to investigate the reality of University rhetoric concerning the relationship of research to teaching.

Zubrick, A., Reid, I and Rossiter, P (2001)

Strengthening the Nexus between Teaching and Research. Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs, Australia

How three contrasting institutions from research elite (University of Western Australia) to regional /access led (Ballarat) formulated strategies to strengthen the nexus. Download report (pdf Format)

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