Cross-Cultural Exploration Of Parenthood Perceptions And Practices In Higher Education

Principal Investigator(s): Dr Charikleia (Charoula) Tzanakou

Contact: ctzanakou@brookes.ac.uk

Project start: January 2024

Project finish: December 2024

Funded by: British Council

About us

This project aims to identify innovative policies and initiatives that support parents in academia with a gender and intersectional lens. We aim to understand the strengths, weaknesses, gaps, and lessons learned to inform the future design, implementation, and evaluation of parenthood-related interventions.
The project work plan comprises three key activities:

  1. Mapping Parenthood Policies: This activity focuses on mapping parenthood policies in higher education institutions in the UK and Brazil using desktop research of university websites and Athena SWAN action plans.
  2. Reviewing Parenthood Policies and Perceptions: This involves a survey in Brazil and focus groups with parents and carers in UK HEIs to review parenthood policies and perceptions.
  3. Developing Capacity Building Resources: We aim to develop resources to inform institutional interventions related to parenthood. This includes building a database of inspiring practices on parenthood for Brazil and the UK.

Parenthood

Research impact

Our project is dedicated to advancing gender equality in academia. We aim to create an inclusive and equitable academic environment for all genders, proactively addressing challenges and minimizing negative consequences.

Key Objectives:

  • Equal Opportunities: Implement gender-sensitive policies, support networks, and data-driven research to empower women, especially academic mothers, without compromising caregiving responsibilities. These measures benefit all genders, recognizing diverse experiences within academia.
  • Inclusive Impact: Focus on academic parents while extending benefits to all genders, fostering an inclusive academic landscape that values and accommodates parenthood. We aim to reshape power relations and ensure all voices are heard.
  • Risk Mitigation: Maintain transparent and inclusive practices to address potential concerns of gender favoritism. Engage stakeholders to ensure gender equality measures are understood as essential for a fair academic environment.
  • Data-Driven Approach: Collect and analyze disaggregated data by race, age, gender identity, and disability to monitor progress, identify disparities, and refine strategies. This ensures our efforts are effective and inclusive.

Our commitment to gender equality, recognizing intersectionality, strives to provide equal opportunities, reshape power relations, and mitigate risks, benefiting individuals of all ages and genders for a more inclusive academic future.

Membership

Staff

Name Role Email
Alexis Hawthorne Research Assistant

Collaborators

Name Role Organisation
Dr Kate Clayton-Hathway Research Fellow Independent researcher and evaluator, specialising in intersectional gender, equality and diversity

“This collaborative effort between the UK and Brazil highlights the essential role of supportive environments in academia. As we move forward, it’s crucial that universities not only recognize the value of academic parents but actively create policies that are inclusive, sustainable, and intersectional. Our collective goal is to ensure that families can thrive while pursuing their academic and professional ambitions.”

Dr Charikleia Charoula Tzanakou, Director of CDPRP and Reader in Human Resource Management

photo of Dr Charikleia Charoula Tzanakou

Inspiring practices to support parenthood in academia

Through a mapping exercise, we examined institutional-level initiatives that support academic parents—focused on staff—across a diverse range of universities. Our goal is to build capacity and inspire through sharing parenthood activities and initiatives that can contribute to more inclusive and supportive academic environments.

In 2024, we conducted a comprehensive review of the parenthood related policies and activities at UK higher education institutions using publicly available data and desktop research. To ensure diversity and relevance, we selected 20 HEIs across the UK. The sample reflects institutional variety, including pre-92 (both Russell Group and non-Russell) and post-92 universities. We also included institutions holding Athena SWAN Gold or Silver awards at the university level to capture a spectrum of engagement with gender equality frameworks.

This mapping provides an overview of parenthood activities and initiatives categorised in five groupings: infrastructure/facilities; career support and progression; parenthood policies networks and reproductive health and wellbeing. To find more about each grouping, click on the icon below.

people in a group discussion

Infrastructure and facilities

These activities focused on changes to both physical and organisational structures, such as improving building facilities and adjusting timetables, to better integrate support for parenthood into the daily operations of the institution.

Career support and progression

These activities were designed to support parents throughout their careers, with initiatives that addressed multiple stages of the employee lifecycle—including recruitment, induction, ongoing career development, and opportunities for progression and promotion. We included initiatives on flexible working within those.

Parenthood policies

We identified parenthood-related policy activities, including sector-wide benchmarking, institutional implementation and communication, and the collection of data on effectiveness, inclusivity and support levels. Additionally, we identified policy measures offering support beyond statutory requirements.

Networks

These activities centered on staff parent and carer networks, highlighting innovative and specialized initiatives related to parenthood.

Reproductive health and wellbeing

We identified initiatives addressing fertility, IVF, and gynaecological health, recognising their relevance to parenthood support in the workplace.